Knowledge Centre, Materials & Specifications
Body Bag Materials Compared: PE, PEVA, PVC, Nylon and Laminates
The material of a body bag determines its strength, fluid resistance, flexibility in the cold, weight, cost and environmental profile. Here are the main options.
Polyethylene (PE – LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE)
The most common material for disposable bags. LDPE/LLDPE is soft, flexible and resists tearing; HDPE is stiffer and stronger for its thickness but can crease and puncture more easily. PE is light, economical and chlorine-free. Best for: standard hospital and mortuary use.
PEVA (polyethylene vinyl acetate)
A chlorine-free alternative to PVC with good flexibility, including at low temperatures, and a softer feel. Widely used for mid- and heavy-duty bags. Best for: transport bags and refrigerated storage where flexibility matters.
PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
Strong, durable and easily welded, which makes it good for leak-resistant seams. Disadvantages: heavier, can stiffen in the cold, and contains chlorine – which some protocols (including CDC Ebola guidance) avoid and which is a concern for cremation emissions. Best for: heavy-duty and disaster bags where cremation is not intended, subject to local policy.
Nylon and polyester fabrics (coated)
Woven fabrics coated with PVC or polyurethane give excellent tear and abrasion resistance. Common in military HRPs and disaster bags and in reusable transfer bags. Heavier and more expensive.
Multi-layer laminates
Two or more films or a film bonded to a fabric. Laminates combine strength with barrier performance and are typical of high-barrier and premium bags.
Biodegradable and bio-based films
Materials such as starch-based or other compostable polymers, and natural fibres for shrouds. Check test evidence and conditions for degradation, and fluid resistance.
Comparison at a glance
| Material | Strength | Fluid resistance | Cold flexibility | Chlorine-free | Relative cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDPE/LLDPE | Moderate | Good film; seams vary | Good | Yes | Low |
| HDPE | Moderate–high | Good film; seams vary | Moderate | Yes | Low |
| PEVA | Moderate–high | Good | Very good | Yes | Medium |
| PVC | High | Very good (welded) | Fair | No | Medium |
| Coated nylon/polyester | Very high | Good–very good | Good | Depends on coating | High |
| Laminates | High | Very good | Good | Depends | Medium–high |
Ratings are general guidance only. Performance depends on the specific product; rely on the supplier’s datasheet and test evidence.
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Educational resource only. This article does not replace facility protocols, infection-prevention policies, official forensic procedures, manufacturer instructions or legal advice. Always verify product suitability against the applicable protocol and supplier test evidence. Last reviewed: October 2026.
