Chain of Custody: Body Bags in Forensic and Medico-Legal Work

In South Africa, unnatural deaths are investigated through SAPS and the provincial Forensic Pathology Services. The body is part of the evidence. How it is bagged, sealed and documented can affect the investigation and any court case.

Why the bag matters

• A new, clean bag prevents contamination of trace evidence (fibres, hair, soil, gunshot residue).
• A secure closure keeps evidence with the body and prevents loss.
• A tamper-evident seal shows that the bag has not been opened between the scene and the post-mortem.

Features to specify

• Bags supplied individually packed or in clean cartons
• White or light interiors that make trace evidence easier to see (where your protocol prefers this)
• Lockable zip pulls and serially numbered seals
• ID and document pockets
• Perimeter or U-zips that allow examination with minimal handling

Documentation

Every person who takes custody of the remains should record the date, time, seal number and their signature. Seal numbers should be recorded at sealing and verified when the seal is broken at the mortuary.

Important

A body bag supports – but never replaces – official forensic procedures. Investigators, forensic officers and pathologists follow the procedures set by SAPS and the Department of Health. Do not alter scenes or remains outside those procedures.

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Educational resource only. This article does not replace facility protocols, infection-prevention policies, official forensic procedures, manufacturer instructions or legal advice. Always verify product suitability against the applicable protocol and supplier test evidence. Last reviewed: October 2026.